Partnerships: Assessing when to start, when to hold, and when to fold

Goals and responses to failure: Knowing when to hold them and when to fold them

The ability to disengage from hopeless situations is critical to goal attainment and effective selfregulation. Two experiments investigated the effects of striving to attain success (approach goals) versus striving to avoid failure (avoidance goals) on persistence. Participants completed anagrams designed so that less persistence during an initial set of unsolvable anagrams was beneficial. In S...

when to start dialysis in elderly patients

When to Hold and When to Fold: Detecting Structural Changes in Statistical Learning

Studies of statistical learning have documented a remarkable sensitivity to structural regularities in both infants and adults. However, most studies of statistical learning have assumed a single underlying causal structure with uniform variance. In previous work in which two structures are presented successively, a primacy effect has been reported in which only the first structure is acquired....

Lipoprotein biogenesis in Gram-positive bacteria: knowing when to hold 'em, knowing when to fold 'em.

Gram-positive bacterial lipoproteins are a functionally diverse and important class of peripheral membrane proteins. Recent advances in molecular biology and the availability of whole genome sequence data have overturned many long-held assumptions about the export and processing of these proteins, most notably the recent discovery that not all lipoproteins are exported as unfolded substrates th...

Dialysis: when to start or when to stop?

Sir, There have been several recent discussions around the timing of initiation of dialysis [1,2]. There remains little scientific consensus on when to start and on which clinical and biochemical parameters we base this decision. In the broadest sense, dialysis should serve to decrease morbidity and/or mortality whilst maintaining or improving quality of life. It is almost assumed that renal re...